{"id":240,"date":"2019-12-10T09:03:41","date_gmt":"2019-12-10T08:03:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/liss\/?p=240"},"modified":"2021-01-13T09:28:27","modified_gmt":"2021-01-13T08:28:27","slug":"the-impact-of-air-pollution-on-human-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/2019\/12\/10\/the-impact-of-air-pollution-on-human-health\/","title":{"rendered":"The Impact Of Air Pollution On Human Health"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Concetta Scimone, Luigi Donato, Simona Alibrand, Rosalia D\u2019Angelo, Antonina Sidoti<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Based on the definition of the National Institute of\nEnvironmental Health Sciences (https:\/\/www.niehs.nih.gov\/<\/a>), \u201cair pollution\u201d\nis a mixture of natural and man-made substances in the air we breathe. It is\nusually divided in two different classes: outdoor and indoor. The outdoor air\npollution refers to the presence of contaminants out of the home environment,\nwhile the indoor one indicate the pollutants usually present within home [1]<\/a>. The outdoor air pollutants include substances as\nsulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, fine particles and several\nmolecules produced by the burning of fossil fuels and by the car exhaust gases.\nHowever, another contaminant highly represented in industrialized area is the\nozone that seems to have severe irritant effects on epithelial tissues [2].\nIndoor air pollutants, instead, comprise chlorinated volatile molecules and\nformaldehyde, usually contained in shampoos [3]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The presence of excessive levels of pollutants in\nspecific geographic areas highlighted the need to continuously monitor the air\nand to regulate the emissions. This monitoring activity led to identify very\nlarge contaminated areas that are now called \u201cSiti di Interesse Nazionale\u201d\n(SIN) and that are subject to remediation intervention (http:\/\/www.isprambiente.gov.it\/it\/temi\/siti-contaminati\/siti-di-interesse-nazionale-sin<\/a>). Sicily counts more territories classified as SIN and, among these,\nthe most important are Gela (CL), Priolo (SR), Biancavilla (CT), Milazzo (ME)\nand Termini Imerese (PA). Epidemiological studies showed as in these areas\nthere is a higher incidence of specific diseases, if compared with other\nregions [4]. In particular, several cases of lung and pancreatic cancer as well\nas neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases were diagnosed. Moreover, a\nhigher rate of infertility and of congenital malformations were reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The mechanisms by which VOC and particulate matter cause this severe damage are partly known. In particular they act by two different ways. About the DNA, they can induce permanent DNA damage or can modify the normal gene expression. However, often pathological conditions result from continuous inflammatory stimuli that these molecules trigger on the respiratory epithelial cells, when they are inhaled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nNawrot TS, Saenen ND, Schenk J, Janssen BG,\nMotta V, Tarantini L, Cox B, Lefebvre W, Vanpoucke C, Maggioni C, Bollati V.\nPlacental circadian pathway methylation and in utero exposure to fine particle\nair pollution. Environ Int 2018;\n114:231-241.\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Concetta Scimone, Luigi Donato, Simona Alibrand, Rosalia D\u2019Angelo, Antonina Sidoti Abstract Based on the definition of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (https:\/\/www.niehs.nih.gov\/), \u201cair<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-minireview"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=240"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":241,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/240\/revisions\/241"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemest.eu\/life-safety-and-security\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}